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Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Course: BIOL 212 ~ Comparative Anatomy and Lab |
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Professor of Biology Christian Brothers University A.E.R.'s Home Page |
Ph.: 901-321-3436 aross@cbu.edu |
Mon., Thurs., & Fri. 2:00-5:30. |
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CONTENTS: Comparative Anatomy Course Resources | ||
| Lecture
Units
& Links
PowerPoint Slides: The shared directory can be accessed from any computer on campus (including dorms and apartments). See PowerPoint slides for details on Exam Format & Coverage. |
Weekly
Labs: Web Resources, Quiz coverage, etc.
Lab 1 Protochordates Photos: acorn worm Lab 2 Lamprey & hagfish Lab 3 a&b Fish anatomy & phylogeny; Scales & Skin (two sessions) Lab 4 Shark & Amphibian skeleton Photos: Shark skull Photos: Necturus skull Lab 5 Mammal skeleton Lab 6 Muscles Shark & Necturus Photos: Necturus muscles Lab 7& 8 Muscles Cat Lab 9 Dig. & Resp. Sys. Lab10 Circ. Sys Shark & Necturus Photo: Shark heart Lab 11 Mammal Circ Sys & Heart Lab 12 Urogenital Sys. Lab 13 Shark NS & Sense Organs Photos: Shark brain Photo: Shark eye Lab 14a Mammal N.S. Lab 14b Mammal Sense Organs |
Syllabus,
etc.
(pdf to download)
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when there are three or more." Dr. Terry Meehan "You cannot be a great anatomist, unless you know 87 different names for the same damn thing!" Dr. Roberta Meehan |
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| Spring
2013 Course Information:
BIOL 212 Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy and Lab |
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(Lecture and Lab are co-requisites and must be taken concurrently.) A cooperative and open atmosphere is characteristic of all class and lab meetings. Lecture and laboratory materials will often overlap, and some use of lab time to review lecture concepts is expected. The laboratory room will be available for additional study during posted hours. You will want to take advantage of the opportunity to study in the lab in addition to the required class and lab sessions. Students are encouraged to study together. The laboratory course will require your active participation in the dissection of vertebrate specimens including shark, amphibian and cat. The lab is a required part of the course. Prerequisites: BIOL 111 and
112 (Principles of Biology I and II and their labs) and Chem 113 or higher.
BIOL 211 (Vertebrate Embryology and lab) is highly recommended as a prerequisite.
Students
who have not achieved at least a "C" in each of the prerequisite courses
are advised to repeat the necessary courses before attempting further
course work in Biology.
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| Professor | |
Phone: 321-3436 (Please record a message if I'm not in the office.) e-mail: aross@cbu.edu Dr. Ross's Home Page http://facstaff.cbu.edu/aross Mon., Thurs., and Fri. 2:00-5:30. Additional appointment times are available upon request (see posted schedule). |
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| Required Materials for the 2013 Comparative Anatomy Course | |
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| Syllabus for Spring 2013 (pdf to download) |

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| Comparative
Anatomy Laboratory Schedule
Lab Topic |
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| Lab
#1
Protochordates and Chordates: Anatomy, Phylogeny, & Taxonomy
http://www.biosis.org.uk/htmls/zrdocs/zoolinfo/grp_prch.htm http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/hemichordata.html http://www.tolweb.org/Deuterostomia/2466 http://www.cbu.edu/~seisen/BIOL335.htm#Hemichordates (Also scroll down to see the entries under "Nonvertebrate Chordates") http://biosci.cbs.umn.edu/class/biol/1106/chordate.htm http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/urochordata.html http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/Table_of_Contents/Lab-08/Amphioxus_1/amphioxus_1.htm http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/cephalo.html This page explains the song and has a link to an audio file: http://www.pgh.net/~newcomer/amphioxus.htm http://ucmp1.berkeley.edu/welcome.html http://gwis2.circ.gwu.edu/~atkins/newwebpages/Beginning.html ![]()
Acorn worm, Balanoglossus. Click photo to see larger image.
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| Lab
#2
Lamprey: Larva and Adult and other Agnathans Lab QUIZ 1 (Covers Protochordates and primitive Chordates)CD's available in AH 107:
Dirty Jobs: Capture and sterilize lamprey (Nov 2010) Lamprey BBC video clip (2:13) http://youtu.be/N-7oo_-JR6w PSA Lamprey awareness (2:06) http://youtu.be/x-KJZ22-wTQ |
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Lab
#3 a & b (Two lab sessions)
Fish Phylogeny and Anatomy; Skin & Scales of Vertebrates Lab QUIZ 2 (Covers lamprey adult & larva plus primitive chordates)CD's available in AH 107:
http://www.photovault.com/Link/Animals/AnimalsFishMaster.html http://www.sarep.cornell.edu/sarep/fish/fish.html http://www.pelagic.org/image_lib/ http://www.umich.edu/~bio440/warmkey.html http://www.umich.edu/~bio440/northkey.html
http://www.austmus.gov.au/fishes/students/scales/index.htm ![]() ![]() |
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| Lab
#4
Shark & Amphibian Skeleton Lab QUIZ 3 (Covers fish phylogeny, skin & scales)
http://www.brunel.ac.uk/admin/alumni/sharks/home.html
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Above: Shark Chondrocranium, dorsal view. Right: Squalus, freeze dried. Left: stained, plastic embedded. Click photo to see larger image. ![]()
Left: Shark Chondrocranium, ventral view. Right: Shark teeth. Left: Squalus, freeze dried specimen. Click photo to see larger image. ![]()
Left: Necturus skull, dorsal view. Right: Necturus skull, ventral view. ![]() |
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Lab
#5
Mammal Skeleton (Cat)
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#6
Muscles (Shark and Necturus)
http://www.mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/shark/english/spinyd.htm ![]()
Above: Ventral views of dissected Necturus. Click photo to see larger image. |
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Lab
#7
LAB MIDTERM EXAM, 100 pts.Skin the Cat, Cat Muscles
http://www4.cbu.edu/~aross/CatMuscles/CatMuscles.htm http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/muscles.html |
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Lab
#8
Cat Muscles, continued.
http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/muscles.html ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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| Lab
#9
Digestive and Respiratory Systems
Dental Anatomy of various Mammals (Colorado State) Digestive Physiology of Herbivores (Colorado State) Digestive Physiology of Birds (Colorado State)
http://www.bhs.berkeley.k12.ca.us/departments/Science/anatomy/cat/Digestive%20system/index.html http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/digestive.html http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/respiratory.html |
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| Lab
#10
Circulatory Systems (Shark, Necturus)
http://www.biointeractive.org/grants/lectures/biointeractive/demos.html
Shark heart, ventral view. Squalus. Click photo to see larger image.
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| Lab
#11
Circulatory Systems (Cat; Pig Heart; DVD)
http://www.biointeractive.org/grants/lectures/biointeractive/demos.html http://www.heartlab.rri.on.ca/dissect/dissection.html http://rivers.oscs.montana.edu/esg/kla/ta/heart.html http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/circulatory.html http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/OTHER/sheephrt.html |
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| Lab
#12
Urogenital Sys. (Shark, Necturus, Cat) Lab QUIZ 9 (Covers mammal circulatory system)
http://www.dccc.edu/academics/depts/mnset/biology/virtuals/VCAT/Framework/VCAT/CATBOX/urogenital.html |
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| Lab
#13
Shark Nervous System and Shark Sense Organs
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Above: Dorsal views of shark brain and inner ear dissection.
Above: Dissected shark eye, Squalus. Click photo to see larger image.
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Lab
#14
Mammal Nervous System Lab QUIZ 11 (Covers shark N.S. & Sense Organs)
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Optional
supplement to Lab #14
Mammal Eye and Ear
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| Scheduled during Exam Week: LAB FINAL EXAM (100 points) | ||
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| Comparative Anatomy Lecture Schedule | |||
| Week | Lecture Topic | Links | |
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Unit 1:
Comparative Anatomy Ch. 1 Evolution and Phylogenies Ch 1-2 Synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics) Plesiomorphies* (original, or "primitive" characteristics).
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| 2 | Holiday
Evolution and Phylogenies Ch 1-2 Origin of Vertebrates Ch. 2
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| 3 | Agnatha Ch. 3
Placoderms; Chondrichthyes Ch. 3 Chondrichthyes Ch. 3 |
Placoderms
Placoderms (with examples) Placoderms and Chondrichthyes (Dr. Atkins) Live shark cam (Discovery) Prehistoric Shark Gallery (Discovery) |
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| Unit 2: | 4 | Chondrichthyes
Ch 3
Osteichthyes Ch 3 LECTURE EXAM 1, 100 pts. (Exam 1: Ch. 1, 2, 3 thu Chondrichthyes) |
Sharks
(Seaworld)
About sharks Shark information Chondrichthyes (Berkeley) Chondricthyes (Texas A&M) Autopsy of a Great White Shark (Article in SF Gate News 22 Jan 2001) |
| 5 | Unit 2 begins
with Osteichthyes Ch. 3
Osteichthyes Ch 3 Amphibia Ch. 3 Reptilia; Aves Ch. 3 Aves; Mammalia Ch. 3 Mammalia Ch. 3
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Coelacanth:http://www.dinofish.com/
Coelacanth: Modern and Fossil specimens (Natural History) Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary extinction Bony fishes (Seaworld) Nova Missing Link (Evolution of Tetrapods during the Devonian) Amniotes (Tree of Life) Dinosaurs (U Berkeley) Dinosaurs (Tyrell) Crocodilian photos First Bipedal lizard Bipedal lizard New Data on Turtle Phylogeny Flyin' Dinosaurs (Sci Amer) NOVA "Four-winged Dinosaur" (watch online) Mass Extinction (Nova) It's a Bird, It's a...Dinosaur? (Sci Amer) Evidence of Feathered Lizards (ABC news) Feathered Dinosaur A Bird With a Dinosaur Toe? Dinosaur Update (NPR) Archaeopteryx Bird Origins (Ritchison, EKU) Bird Identification (Patuxent) The Mammals of Texas: fully illustrated and searchable. Evolutionary Origin of Whales (Science News 2001) |
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Unit 3: |
6 | LECTURE
EXAM 2, 100 pts.
(Exam 2 Cumulative, emphasis on Ch. 3) Unit 3: Integument Ch. 6 Integument & Head Skeleton Ch. 6-7 |
Fish
Scales
Feathers originated and diversified in dinosaurs before birds or flight evolved Comparing Mammary Gland Structure Mammal Skulls (U Mich Animal Diversity Web) Baleen Whales Baleen |
| 7 | Head Skeleton
Ch. 7
Head Skeleton Ch. 7, 22 Head and Trunk Skeleton Ch. 7-8 |
Kinds
of teeth
Duck bill vs. Quail beak: Neural Crest transplant experiments Skeletal Anatomy of sheep, pig, bird |
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8 | Skeleton Ch.
8
LECTURE EXAM 3, 100 pts. (Chs. 6-7, 22) Unit 4: Trunk and Append. Skeleton Ch. 8-9 |
Skeleton gallery |
| Spring Break | |||
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9 | Skeleton Ch.
8-9
Skeleton Ch. 8-9 Muscular System Ch. 10 |
Lobe
fin and Amphibian Limb (Natural History, Coelacanth article)
Vestigial structures reveal phylogeny (Whale) Mammal leg skel (U Mich) |
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10 | Muscular System
Ch. 10
Muscular System Ch. 10 LECTURE EXAM 4, 100 pts. (Chs. 8-10) |
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| Unit 5: | 11 | Unit 5:
Body Cavity and Mesenteries Ch. 4 Digestive System Ch. 16 No class meeting Friday: Holiday (Easter) |
Dental
Anatomy of various Mammals (Colorado State)
Digestive Physiology of Herbivores (Colorado State) Digestive Physiology of Birds (Colorado State) Microbe Zoo: Ruminant Stomach Digestive System of Meat Animals |
| 12 | Digestive System
Ch. 17
Digestive System Ch. 17 Respiratory System Ch. 18 |
Cat food for aardvarks and other zoo diets | |
| 13 | Respiratory System
Ch. 18
Respiratory System Ch. 18 LECTURE EXAM 5, 100 pts.(Chs. 4, 15-18) |
Bird Respiratory System (Eastern Kentucky Univ) | |
| Unit 6: | 14 | Unit 6:
Circulatory System Ch. 19 Circulatory System Ch. 19 Circulatory & Excretory System Ch. 19-20 |
Compare circulation in hagfish, fish, lungfish, frog, turtle, crocodile, mammal and bird (HHMI) |
| 15 | Excretory System
Ch. 20
Excretory System Ch. 20 Reproductive System Ch. 21 |
Baculum
Bovine Obstetrics images |
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| 16 | Reproductive System Ch. 21 | ||
| (Final Exams)
LECTURE EXAM 6, 100 pts. (Chs. 19-21) |
Live
Animal Cams (streaming video)
Sounds of Marine Animals |
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| Please note:Exam dates will not be changed unless the majority of the class agrees. Lab exam dates are firm. There may be minor changes in the scheduling of lecture topics. | |||
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| Student Responsibilities | |
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You are responsible for
all information presented during lecture and laboratory sessions. Lecture
and Laboratory attendance are required. Laboratory sessions will usually
require the entire scheduled period. You will be responsible for cleaning
up before you leave lab. Therefore, do not expect to be out of lab before
the scheduled time. Attendance at quizzes and exams is required. If
you miss lecture or lab for any reason, you will need to inform me and
you are responsible for making up the missed work on your own time (you
must have me verify that you have made up missed lab work).Unexcused
absences will lower your grade. Excessive absences are grounds for automatic
failure.
Laboratory attendance is required. In a laboratory course, there is simply no substitute for "being there." Much of the benefit of the lab course is derived from your active participation during the scheduled lab meetings. You will learn more by working with your classmates doing the lab than can be assessed by any quiz or exam. In fact, your active participation in lab is so important that no quiz or exam scores could possibly be high enough to compensate for missing the actual experience of being present in the laboratory. Therefore, you must attend all of the labs to pass the course. You will need to read the assigned text material and the appropriate lab material before you come to lecture or lab. You will need your textbook and course supplement with you during all lecture meetings and most labs. You will need your lab manual and course supplement for all lab meetings. The lab room (AH 107) will be available during posted hours so that you can review lab materials and complete lab assignments. You will want to spend about two hours per week working in AH 107 in addition to the scheduled lab sessions. The course has been structured to afford you every opportunity to develop your ability to learn, to master the required material, and to demonstrate your success in these endeavors. Students who choose to enroll in this course are seeking rigorous pre-professional preparation. This course will provide the level of preparation you require. Nevertheless, you need not feel intimidated by the demanding career path you have selected. I am here to help you overcome any difficulties you may have with the course material and to help you do your best work. Exams and Grading.
¶If you miss a quiz or exam without prior arrangement or fail to notify me within one hour of the scheduled class time to arrange a specific time for a make up quiz or exam, you will not be eligible for a makeup quiz or exam and you will receive a zero for the missed quiz or exam. Six lecture exams will be given. Exams are 100 points each (a total of 600 points for the course). Lecture quizzes may be given on short notice, if so, they will increase the 600 point total to the lecture course and no makeups will be available for quizzes missed due to unexcused absence. All lecture exams are comprehensive. No exam may be dropped. Makeup exams will only be available under extraordinary circumstances. If you miss an exam you must either have made prior arrangement for a makeup exam or you must notify me within one hour of the scheduled exam time to request and schedule a makeup exam, otherwise you will not be eligible for a makeup exam and you will receive a zero for the missed exam. It is YOUR responsibility to arrange a specific time to take a makeup exam. Ordinarily, any makeup exam must be completed BEFORE the next class session. Ordinarily, a student will be granted no more than one makeup exam for the course. Lecture exams will cover the topics indicated on the attached schedule unless specific changes are announced in class. Each exam will cover material from lecture, the course supplement, and the text. It is expected that material studied in laboratory will also be incorporated into your responses on lecture exams. Exams will consist of specific essay questions, short answer, and objective questions. Exam questions may require well-labeled diagrams and will always require detailed and precise responses employing the specialized terminology introduced in the course. Additional work sheets and short writing assignments may be given in lecture and lab. Satisfactory completion of these assignments will be required to pass the course but the assignments may not receive a letter grade. The Laboratory Course: Twelve lab quizzes will be given. Each quiz will count 20 points. Your lowest quiz grade (of quizzes you take) will be dropped. You may not drop a zero quiz score received because of an unexcused absence. Thus, your eleven best lab quizzes will total 220 points of the 420 point total for the lab course. Lab quizzes will consist of practical and short answer questions on the material covered during the previous lab session. This material may include information from lecture, the course supplement, the lab manual, and the text. Lab quizzes will begin 2:00 p.m. If you are late without making prior arrangement, you may receive a zero on that week's quiz. No absences from lab are permitted. Any lab work missed because of an excused absence must be made up prior to the next week's lab. Makeups for lab quizzes will only be available under extraordinary circumstances. You must make prior arrangement or notify me within one hour of the scheduled quiz time to be eligible for a makeup quiz. The Lab Midterm Exam and the Lab Final Exam will each count 100 points. The Lab Midterm Exam covers all the lab work up to that point in the semester. The Lab Final Exam covers all the lab work following the Midterm Exam. Lab exams will be practical exams covering structural details and their functions. It may be impossible to make up a missed lab exam. You will also be evaluated on your cooperation and efforts in lab and on the results of your dissections. Pairs or groups of students will work together to prepare specimens. Makeup lab exams or quizzes will only be available under extraordinary circumstances.¶If you miss a quiz or lab exam without prior arrangement or fail to notify me within one hour of the scheduled lab time to arrange a specific time for a make up quiz or exam, you will not be eligible for a makeup quiz or exam and you will receive a zero for the missed quiz or exam. Note the following requirements regarding make up work:
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| Keep
a Record of Your Exam and Quiz Scores
Enrolled students can see quiz and exam scores using Moodle. |
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Lab
Quizzes (20 points each)
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Lecture
Exams (100 points each)
(Exam 1+2+3+4+5+6)/6.
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| Lab Grade
= [(11 Best Quiz scores + Lab Midterm + Lab Final)/4.20]
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Dr. Anna E. Ross, Professor of Biology, Christian Brothers University
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Phone: 321-3436
e-mail: aross@cbu.edu
A.E.R.'s Home Page http://facstaff.cbu.edu/aross